Heat pumps are classified into different types based on the heat source they utilize. This classification is not merely a technical distinction but also a critical factor affecting performance and efficiency. The most commonly used systems are air-source, ground-source, and water-source heat pumps. Each system type has distinct advantages and limitations.
Air-source heat pumps use outdoor air as the heat source. Due to ease of installation and low initial investment costs, they are widely preferred. However, system performance decreases as outdoor air temperature drops. Therefore, devices with strong low-temperature performance stand out. Copa Trion and Copa Harmony heat pumps are designed to operate even at low outdoor temperatures.
Ground-source heat pumps benefit from a more stable heat source throughout the year and generally offer higher COP and SCOP values. However, drilling requirements and high initial investment costs limit their applicability in some projects. Water-source heat pumps can achieve the highest efficiency values under suitable conditions.
While COP represents instantaneous performance, SCOP (Seasonal Coefficient of Performance) reflects seasonal performance. Since SCOP accounts for real operating conditions, it is more meaningful from an engineering perspective. SCOP calculations consider outdoor temperature distribution, operating hours, and load profiles.
In countries like Turkey with diverse climate zones, SCOP evaluations must be performed regionally. While air-source systems perform efficiently in mild climates, system selection in colder regions requires greater attention. Thanks to their wide operating range, Copa Trion and Copa Harmony ensure seasonal performance continuity under varying climate conditions.
Inverter technology enables high efficiency under partial load conditions. Additionally, advanced defrost algorithms minimize performance loss in cold and humid weather. These features establish a balanced COP–SCOP relationship throughout the heating season.
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